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It is normal for the surface of the eye to be red for a week or so (particularly if you take blood thinners); this does not affect the visual outcome. It is common to experience an occasional foreign body sensation or grittiness after surgery.
This is called Surgical Transient Ocular Discomfort Syndrome or STODS. Take simple pain relief, such as paracetamol, and use lubricants and artificial tears when necessary. This is when nerve endings and skin on the eye are healing. This can sometimes persist for a few months.
Most people notice their vision is clearer in a few days but it can take longer for everything to settle down. Different people recover at different rates – this depends on the density of the cataract removed, the shape of your eye, your age and your pre-existing eye health. Most people can return to normal activities and work within a week; however, strenuous activities should be avoided for slightly longer.